The extracted Archive/System/ folder contains the diagnostic tools and can be used to create a bootable USB stick, as with the other.dmg files downloaded from Apple. Bundle MacBook5,1 Mac-F42D89A9. To update the CLT, go to app developer website and download the command line tool.dmg. If you have never installed Xcode before, you may be able to update with your Terminal by typing in xcode-select -install instead of visiting the developer website.
There are several options for installing Git on macOS. Note that any non-source distributions are provided by third parties, and may not be up to date with the latest source release.
Homebrew
Install homebrew if you don't already have it, then:$ brew install git
Xcode
Xcode Dmg Download Link Creator
Apple ships a binary package of Git with Xcode.
Binary installer
Tim Harper provides an installer for Git. The latest version is 2.31.0, which was released 10 days ago, on 2021-03-16.
Building from Source
If you prefer to build from source, you can find tarballs on kernel.org. The latest version is 2.31.1.
Installing git-gui
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If you would like to install git-gui and gitk, git's commit GUI and interactive history browser, you can do so using homebrew$ brew install git-gui